1 Overview
This supplementary document complements the paper Distance vs. time. Articulatory and acoustic consequences of reduced vowel duration in Polish.
The following sections illustrate:
- The data extracted from ultrasound images, and the formants.
- Descriptive plots of the raw data.
- Code and plots of the linear regression models.
- Summaries of the models in 3.
- Extra analyses of F0.
Only relevant R code is shown in this document.
The full code can be inspected on the OSF repository at https://osf.io/hy7nt/?view_only=d06775a2cb1d4786a0442b0f15d73296, in the file code/analysis.Rmd.
2 Atriculatory data processing
This is Figure 1 from the paper, which illustrates the articulatory data processing, as well as vowel formants. See paper for details.
3 Descriptive statistics plots
3.1 Articulatory undershoot
Tongue contours from ultrasound tongue imaging of speaker PL01. Tongue tip on the right.
3.2 Duration
Figure 2 from the paper with boxplots and means of vowel duration depending on speech rate and stress.
3.3 Vowel spaces
4 Inferential statistics
4.1 VIF (multicollinearity)
VIF values below 3 indicate absence of multicollinearity (Zuur, Ieno, and Elphick 2010). For all predictors, VIF < 3.
| Variables | VIF |
|---|---|
| duration | 2.169934 |
| f1.z | 1.379401 |
| f2.z | 1.208097 |
| f0.z | 1.122029 |
| rate | 1.639475 |
| stress | 1.451903 |
4.2 Duration
| npar | AIC | BIC | logLik | deviance | Chisq | Df | Pr(>Chisq) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dur.lmer3 | 31 | -291.7616 | -128.3173 | 176.8808 | -353.7616 | NA | NA | NA |
| dur.lmer2 | 33 | -341.1601 | -167.1710 | 203.5801 | -407.1601 | 53.39852 | 2 | 0 |
| dur.lmer.full | 48 | -375.6100 | -122.5349 | 235.8050 | -471.6100 | 64.44983 | 15 | 0 |
4.3 F1
| npar | AIC | BIC | logLik | deviance | Chisq | Df | Pr(>Chisq) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| f1.lmer.base | 15 | 1760.472 | 1839.558 | -865.2361 | 1730.472 | NA | NA | NA |
| f1.lmer.stress1 | 16 | 1697.351 | 1781.709 | -832.6755 | 1665.351 | 65.12115 | 1 | 0e+00 |
| f1.lmer.stress2 | 21 | 1671.028 | 1781.748 | -814.5139 | 1629.028 | 36.32313 | 5 | 8e-07 |
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: 0.830
## Marginal R2: 0.772
## Random effect variances not available. Returned R2 does not account for random effects.
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: NA
## Marginal R2: 0.828
## Random effect variances not available. Returned R2 does not account for random effects.
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: NA
## Marginal R2: 0.832
## V1 = a:
## contrast estimate SE df t.ratio p.value
## unstressed - stressed -0.1947 0.0803 70.9 -2.426 0.0178
##
## V1 = e:
## contrast estimate SE df t.ratio p.value
## unstressed - stressed -0.3938 0.0721 46.9 -5.462 <.0001
##
## V1 = i:
## contrast estimate SE df t.ratio p.value
## unstressed - stressed -0.0232 0.0708 43.8 -0.328 0.7444
##
## V1 = o:
## contrast estimate SE df t.ratio p.value
## unstressed - stressed -0.4242 0.0750 54.8 -5.655 <.0001
##
## V1 = u:
## contrast estimate SE df t.ratio p.value
## unstressed - stressed -0.0926 0.0759 57.4 -1.219 0.2277
##
## V1 = ɨ:
## contrast estimate SE df t.ratio p.value
## unstressed - stressed -0.1340 0.0739 51.7 -1.813 0.0756
##
## Degrees-of-freedom method: kenward-roger
| V1 | duration.trend | SE | df | t.ratio | p.value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | 0.0188220 | 0.0012463 | 1387.754 | 15.1027779 | 0.0000000 |
| e | 0.0089742 | 0.0013664 | 1410.827 | 6.5679103 | 0.0000000 |
| i | -0.0034263 | 0.0013199 | 1385.225 | -2.5959280 | 0.0095333 |
| o | 0.0027981 | 0.0011339 | 1408.425 | 2.4675926 | 0.0137207 |
| u | 0.0012137 | 0.0013415 | 1398.657 | 0.9047526 | 0.3657523 |
| ɨ | 0.0009668 | 0.0010876 | 1406.486 | 0.8889355 | 0.3741898 |
4.4 F2
| npar | AIC | BIC | logLik | deviance | Chisq | Df | Pr(>Chisq) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| f2.lmer.base | 15 | 686.0166 | 765.1026 | -328.0083 | 656.0166 | NA | NA | NA |
| f2.lmer.stress1 | 16 | 685.7771 | 770.1354 | -326.8885 | 653.7771 | 2.239533 | 1 | 0.1345216 |
| f2.lmer.stress2 | 21 | 660.6134 | 771.3337 | -309.3067 | 618.6134 | 35.163703 | 5 | 0.0000014 |
## Random effect variances not available. Returned R2 does not account for random effects.
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: NA
## Marginal R2: 0.906
## Random effect variances not available. Returned R2 does not account for random effects.
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: NA
## Marginal R2: 0.907
## Random effect variances not available. Returned R2 does not account for random effects.
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: NA
## Marginal R2: 0.909
| V1 | duration.trend | SE | df | t.ratio | p.value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | 0.0010623 | 0.0007896 | 71.72053 | 1.345283 | 0.1827721 |
| e | 0.0036083 | 0.0009683 | 153.87450 | 3.726346 | 0.0002723 |
| i | 0.0064001 | 0.0009630 | 149.92347 | 6.645943 | 0.0000000 |
| o | -0.0046407 | 0.0007924 | 72.27819 | -5.856616 | 0.0000001 |
| u | -0.0061957 | 0.0008945 | 114.65049 | -6.926301 | 0.0000000 |
| ɨ | 0.0035699 | 0.0007826 | 67.64431 | 4.561831 | 0.0000219 |
4.5 Z1
| npar | AIC | BIC | logLik | deviance | Chisq | Df | Pr(>Chisq) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| z1.lmer.base | 15 | 1079.825 | 1158.911 | -524.9127 | 1049.825 | NA | NA | NA |
| z1.lmer.stress1 | 16 | 1078.523 | 1162.882 | -523.2617 | 1046.523 | 3.301855 | 1 | 0.0692017 |
| z1.lmer.stress2 | 21 | 1080.686 | 1191.407 | -519.3431 | 1038.686 | 7.837281 | 5 | 0.1654343 |
## Random effect variances not available. Returned R2 does not account for random effects.
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: NA
## Marginal R2: 0.731
## Random effect variances not available. Returned R2 does not account for random effects.
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: NA
## Marginal R2: 0.732
## Random effect variances not available. Returned R2 does not account for random effects.
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: NA
## Marginal R2: 0.732
| V1 | duration.trend | SE | df | t.ratio | p.value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | 0.0088917 | 0.0011077 | 27.49535 | 8.0269993 | 0.0000000 |
| e | 0.0041344 | 0.0012787 | 48.22526 | 3.2334337 | 0.0022094 |
| i | -0.0009243 | 0.0012737 | 47.31917 | -0.7256695 | 0.4716154 |
| o | 0.0094759 | 0.0011100 | 27.75403 | 8.5371785 | 0.0000000 |
| u | 0.0000687 | 0.0012072 | 38.57507 | 0.0569243 | 0.9548993 |
| ɨ | -0.0004451 | 0.0011012 | 26.79854 | -0.4042152 | 0.6892624 |
4.6 Z2
| npar | AIC | BIC | logLik | deviance | Chisq | Df | Pr(>Chisq) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| z2.lmer.base | 15 | 753.9717 | 833.0577 | -361.9858 | 723.9717 | NA | NA | NA |
| z2.lmer.stress1 | 16 | 755.9562 | 840.3146 | -361.9781 | 723.9562 | 0.0154439 | 1 | 0.9010988 |
| z2.lmer.stress2 | 21 | 760.4627 | 871.1831 | -359.2314 | 718.4627 | 5.4935092 | 5 | 0.3586581 |
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: 0.896
## Marginal R2: 0.721
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: 0.895
## Marginal R2: 0.721
## # R2 for Mixed Models
##
## Conditional R2: 0.896
## Marginal R2: 0.721
| V1 | duration.trend | SE | df | t.ratio | p.value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | -0.0031410 | 0.0009973 | 25.64689 | -3.1493657 | 0.0041252 |
| e | -0.0006506 | 0.0011446 | 44.07179 | -0.5684129 | 0.5726397 |
| i | 0.0040653 | 0.0011405 | 43.36942 | 3.5644529 | 0.0009023 |
| o | -0.0066949 | 0.0009992 | 25.86902 | -6.7001979 | 0.0000004 |
| u | -0.0035357 | 0.0010826 | 35.41626 | -3.2660975 | 0.0024243 |
| ɨ | 0.0035870 | 0.0009917 | 25.02169 | 3.6172118 | 0.0013131 |
5 Model summaries
5.1 Duration
| duration.log | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Estimates | CI | p | df |
| (Intercept) | 4.3187 | 4.1263 – 4.5111 | <0.001 | 14.8100 |
| rate [normal] | -0.2209 | -0.3372 – -0.1046 | 0.00041 | 43.2044 |
| rate [fast] | -0.4046 | -0.5810 – -0.2281 | 0.00016 | 16.4521 |
| V1 [e] | -0.1048 | -0.3544 – 0.1449 | 0.37010 | 9.6185 |
| V1 [i] | -0.1178 | -0.3944 – 0.1588 | 0.35959 | 8.8555 |
| V1 [o] | -0.0733 | -0.1675 – 0.0208 | 0.12679 | 1367.8525 |
| V1 [u] | -0.3184 | -0.5950 – -0.0418 | 0.02863 | 8.8555 |
| V1 [ɨ] | 0.0229 | -0.2537 – 0.2995 | 0.85529 | 8.8555 |
| stress [stressed] | 0.4710 | 0.3768 – 0.5652 | <0.001 | 238.9499 |
| rate [normal] * V1 [e] | -0.0473 | -0.1707 – 0.0761 | 0.45222 | 1361.0048 |
| rate [fast] * V1 [e] | -0.0470 | -0.1705 – 0.0764 | 0.45501 | 1361.0048 |
| rate [normal] * V1 [i] | 0.0429 | -0.0805 – 0.1663 | 0.49544 | 1361.0048 |
| rate [fast] * V1 [i] | -0.0223 | -0.1457 – 0.1011 | 0.72313 | 1361.0048 |
| rate [normal] * V1 [o] | -0.0607 | -0.1842 – 0.0627 | 0.33475 | 1361.0048 |
| rate [fast] * V1 [o] | -0.0667 | -0.1901 – 0.0567 | 0.28941 | 1361.0048 |
| rate [normal] * V1 [u] | -0.0806 | -0.2040 – 0.0429 | 0.20060 | 1361.0048 |
| rate [fast] * V1 [u] | -0.0502 | -0.1736 – 0.0733 | 0.42553 | 1361.0048 |
| rate [normal] * V1 [ɨ] | -0.0581 | -0.1815 – 0.0653 | 0.35608 | 1361.0048 |
| rate [fast] * V1 [ɨ] | -0.0838 | -0.2073 – 0.0396 | 0.18305 | 1361.0048 |
|
rate [normal] * stress [stressed] |
-0.0019 | -0.1253 – 0.1215 | 0.97590 | 1361.0048 |
|
rate [fast] * stress [stressed] |
-0.1241 | -0.2475 – -0.0007 | 0.04880 | 1361.0048 |
|
V1 [e] * stress [stressed] |
-0.1580 | -0.2815 – -0.0346 | 0.01213 | 1361.0048 |
|
V1 [i] * stress [stressed] |
-0.2180 | -0.3415 – -0.0946 | 0.00055 | 1361.0048 |
|
V1 [o] * stress [stressed] |
-0.0017 | -0.1252 – 0.1217 | 0.97795 | 1361.0048 |
|
V1 [u] * stress [stressed] |
0.0419 | -0.0816 – 0.1653 | 0.50578 | 1361.0048 |
|
V1 [ɨ] * stress [stressed] |
-0.0527 | -0.1761 – 0.0707 | 0.40247 | 1361.0048 |
|
(rate [normal] * V1 [e]) * stress [stressed] |
-0.0292 | -0.2037 – 0.1454 | 0.74299 | 1361.0048 |
|
(rate [fast] * V1 [e]) * stress [stressed] |
-0.0129 | -0.1875 – 0.1617 | 0.88478 | 1361.0048 |
|
(rate [normal] * V1 [i]) * stress [stressed] |
-0.0241 | -0.1987 – 0.1505 | 0.78666 | 1361.0048 |
|
(rate [fast] * V1 [i]) * stress [stressed] |
0.0225 | -0.1521 – 0.1970 | 0.80075 | 1361.0048 |
|
(rate [normal] * V1 [o]) * stress [stressed] |
-0.0624 | -0.2369 – 0.1122 | 0.48338 | 1361.0048 |
|
(rate [fast] * V1 [o]) * stress [stressed] |
-0.0897 | -0.2643 – 0.0848 | 0.31347 | 1361.0048 |
|
(rate [normal] * V1 [u]) * stress [stressed] |
-0.0273 | -0.2018 – 0.1473 | 0.75924 | 1361.0048 |
|
(rate [fast] * V1 [u]) * stress [stressed] |
-0.1707 | -0.3452 – 0.0039 | 0.05532 | 1361.0048 |
|
(rate [normal] * V1 [ɨ]) * stress [stressed] |
-0.0381 | -0.2127 – 0.1365 | 0.66853 | 1361.0048 |
|
(rate [fast] * V1 [ɨ]) * stress [stressed] |
-0.0843 | -0.2589 – 0.0903 | 0.34366 | 1361.0048 |
| Random Effects | ||||
| σ2 | 0.0396 | |||
| τ00 frame | 0.0154 | |||
| τ00 speaker | 0.0193 | |||
| τ11 speaker.ratenormal | 0.0135 | |||
| τ11 speaker.ratefast | 0.0498 | |||
| τ11 speaker.stressstressed | 0.0031 | |||
| ρ01 speaker.ratenormal | -0.6410 | |||
| ρ01 speaker.ratefast | -0.5484 | |||
| ρ01 speaker.stressstressed | -0.9139 | |||
| N speaker | 10 | |||
| N frame | 12 | |||
| Observations | 1440 | |||
| Marginal R2 / Conditional R2 | 0.706 / NA | |||
5.2 F1
| f1.z | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Estimates | CI | p | df |
| (Intercept) | 0.1655 | -0.2195 – 0.5504 | 0.36633 | 11.6159 |
| V1 [e] | -0.8117 | -1.3554 – -0.2681 | 0.00709 | 11.4664 |
| V1 [i] | -0.9752 | -1.5739 – -0.3766 | 0.00452 | 10.2636 |
| V1 [o] | -0.3559 | -0.5738 – -0.1381 | 0.00138 | 1405.5179 |
| V1 [u] | -0.9014 | -1.4958 – -0.3071 | 0.00717 | 9.6528 |
| V1 [ɨ] | -0.7690 | -1.3653 – -0.1726 | 0.01660 | 9.9580 |
| duration | 0.0188 | 0.0164 – 0.0213 | <0.001 | 1387.7540 |
| stress [stressed] | 0.1947 | 0.0346 – 0.3547 | 0.01783 | 70.9286 |
| V1 [e] * duration | -0.0098 | -0.0135 – -0.0062 | <0.001 | 1412.7627 |
| V1 [i] * duration | -0.0222 | -0.0258 – -0.0187 | <0.001 | 1413.7521 |
| V1 [o] * duration | -0.0160 | -0.0193 – -0.0127 | <0.001 | 1410.9211 |
| V1 [u] * duration | -0.0176 | -0.0212 – -0.0140 | <0.001 | 1411.8737 |
| V1 [ɨ] * duration | -0.0179 | -0.0211 – -0.0146 | <0.001 | 1409.6337 |
|
V1 [e] * stress [stressed] |
0.1991 | 0.0228 – 0.3753 | 0.02687 | 1404.6665 |
|
V1 [i] * stress [stressed] |
-0.1714 | -0.3457 – 0.0029 | 0.05387 | 1404.0928 |
|
V1 [o] * stress [stressed] |
0.2295 | 0.0487 – 0.4104 | 0.01288 | 1403.3462 |
|
V1 [u] * stress [stressed] |
-0.1021 | -0.2845 – 0.0803 | 0.27231 | 1404.7296 |
|
V1 [ɨ] * stress [stressed] |
-0.0607 | -0.2398 – 0.1183 | 0.50609 | 1402.6657 |
| Random Effects | ||||
| σ2 | 0.1740 | |||
| τ00 frame | 0.0697 | |||
| τ00 speaker | 0.0029 | |||
| τ11 speaker.stressstressed | 0.0178 | |||
| ρ01 speaker | -1.0000 | |||
| N speaker | 10 | |||
| N frame | 12 | |||
| Observations | 1440 | |||
| Marginal R2 / Conditional R2 | 0.836 / NA | |||
5.3 F2
| f2.z | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Estimates | CI | p | df |
| (Intercept) | -0.3897 | -0.7957 – 0.0163 | 0.05794 | 8.8492 |
| V1 [e] | 0.6104 | 0.0373 – 1.1836 | 0.03937 | 8.7240 |
| V1 [i] | 1.6015 | 0.9638 – 2.2391 | 0.00038 | 8.2679 |
| V1 [o] | -0.2358 | -0.3885 – -0.0831 | 0.00249 | 1411.1814 |
| V1 [u] | -0.3495 | -0.9855 – 0.2866 | 0.24094 | 8.0210 |
| V1 [ɨ] | 0.4526 | -0.1841 – 1.0894 | 0.14020 | 8.1408 |
| duration | 0.0011 | -0.0005 – 0.0026 | 0.18277 | 71.7205 |
| V1 [e] * duration | 0.0025 | 0.0003 – 0.0048 | 0.02587 | 1419.9932 |
| V1 [i] * duration | 0.0053 | 0.0031 – 0.0076 | <0.001 | 1419.3853 |
| V1 [o] * duration | -0.0057 | -0.0076 – -0.0038 | <0.001 | 1412.3655 |
| V1 [u] * duration | -0.0073 | -0.0094 – -0.0051 | <0.001 | 1417.6616 |
| V1 [ɨ] * duration | 0.0025 | 0.0006 – 0.0044 | 0.01082 | 1412.6052 |
| Random Effects | ||||
| σ2 | 0.0889 | |||
| τ00 frame | 0.0842 | |||
| τ00 speaker | 0.0043 | |||
| τ11 speaker.duration | 0.0000 | |||
| ρ01 speaker | -1.0000 | |||
| N speaker | 10 | |||
| N frame | 12 | |||
| Observations | 1440 | |||
| Marginal R2 / Conditional R2 | 0.907 / NA | |||
5.4 Z1
| z1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Estimates | CI | p | df |
| (Intercept) | -0.0013 | -0.2825 – 0.2799 | 0.99230 | 16.5061 |
| V1 [e] | -0.4182 | -0.7976 – -0.0389 | 0.03314 | 13.3278 |
| V1 [i] | -0.8547 | -1.2696 – -0.4398 | 0.00078 | 11.5918 |
| V1 [o] | -0.0092 | -0.1832 – 0.1648 | 0.91747 | 1411.4250 |
| V1 [u] | -0.0972 | -0.5074 – 0.3130 | 0.61118 | 10.6587 |
| V1 [ɨ] | -0.0935 | -0.5058 – 0.3188 | 0.62769 | 11.1077 |
| duration | 0.0089 | 0.0066 – 0.0112 | <0.001 | 27.4954 |
| V1 [e] * duration | -0.0048 | -0.0073 – -0.0022 | 0.00026 | 1418.6184 |
| V1 [i] * duration | -0.0098 | -0.0124 – -0.0073 | <0.001 | 1419.1450 |
| V1 [o] * duration | 0.0006 | -0.0016 – 0.0028 | 0.60526 | 1413.4468 |
| V1 [u] * duration | -0.0088 | -0.0112 – -0.0064 | <0.001 | 1415.6416 |
| V1 [ɨ] * duration | -0.0093 | -0.0115 – -0.0071 | <0.001 | 1412.0221 |
| Random Effects | ||||
| σ2 | 0.1154 | |||
| τ00 frame | 0.0320 | |||
| τ00 speaker | 0.0239 | |||
| τ11 speaker.duration | 0.0000 | |||
| ρ01 speaker | -0.9948 | |||
| ICC | 0.2402 | |||
| N speaker | 10 | |||
| N frame | 12 | |||
| Observations | 1440 | |||
| Marginal R2 / Conditional R2 | 0.680 / 0.757 | |||
5.5 Z2
| z2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Estimates | CI | p | df |
| (Intercept) | -0.1205 | -0.6668 – 0.4257 | 0.62680 | 8.4109 |
| V1 [e] | 0.5192 | -0.2493 – 1.2877 | 0.15759 | 7.9250 |
| V1 [i] | 1.2666 | 0.4094 – 2.1238 | 0.00950 | 7.6823 |
| V1 [o] | -0.2783 | -0.4311 – -0.1255 | 0.00036 | 1408.2080 |
| V1 [u] | -0.5101 | -1.3663 – 0.3462 | 0.20469 | 7.5513 |
| V1 [ɨ] | 0.1881 | -0.6686 – 1.0448 | 0.62395 | 7.6137 |
| duration | -0.0031 | -0.0052 – -0.0011 | 0.00413 | 25.6469 |
| V1 [e] * duration | 0.0025 | 0.0002 – 0.0047 | 0.02945 | 1412.6676 |
| V1 [i] * duration | 0.0072 | 0.0050 – 0.0094 | <0.001 | 1412.9083 |
| V1 [o] * duration | -0.0036 | -0.0055 – -0.0016 | 0.00035 | 1408.6364 |
| V1 [u] * duration | -0.0004 | -0.0025 – 0.0017 | 0.71441 | 1412.3145 |
| V1 [ɨ] * duration | 0.0067 | 0.0048 – 0.0087 | <0.001 | 1408.1702 |
| Random Effects | ||||
| σ2 | 0.0889 | |||
| τ00 frame | 0.1548 | |||
| τ00 speaker | 0.0190 | |||
| τ11 speaker.duration | 0.0000 | |||
| ρ01 speaker | -0.9900 | |||
| ICC | 0.6412 | |||
| N speaker | 10 | |||
| N frame | 12 | |||
| Observations | 1440 | |||
| Marginal R2 / Conditional R2 | 0.722 / 0.900 | |||
6 Further exploratory analyses
6.1 F0
| npar | AIC | BIC | logLik | deviance | Chisq | Df | Pr(>Chisq) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| f0.lmer1 | 11 | 3832.230 | 3890.196 | -1905.115 | 3810.230 | NA | NA | NA |
| f0.lmer2 | 16 | 3816.583 | 3900.897 | -1892.292 | 3784.583 | 25.6465446 | 5 | 0.0001045 |
| f0.lmer3 | 21 | 3825.897 | 3936.559 | -1891.948 | 3783.897 | 0.6864549 | 5 | 0.9837038 |
| f0.z | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Estimates | CI | p |
| (Intercept) | -0.65 | -0.82 – -0.49 | <0.001 |
| V11 | 0.11 | -0.23 – 0.46 | 0.520 |
| V12 | 0.09 | -0.28 – 0.46 | 0.629 |
| V13 | -0.26 | -0.64 – 0.11 | 0.171 |
| V14 | 0.04 | -0.28 – 0.36 | 0.820 |
| V15 | 0.39 | 0.05 – 0.74 | 0.026 |
| duration | 0.01 | 0.01 – 0.01 | <0.001 |
| stress [stressed] | 0.29 | 0.19 – 0.40 | <0.001 |
| V11 * duration | -0.01 | -0.01 – -0.00 | 0.001 |
| V12 * duration | -0.00 | -0.01 – 0.00 | 0.055 |
| V13 * duration | 0.00 | -0.00 – 0.01 | 0.053 |
| V14 * duration | -0.00 | -0.01 – 0.00 | 0.187 |
| V15 * duration | 0.01 | 0.00 – 0.01 | 0.018 |
| Random Effects | |||
| σ2 | 0.81 | ||
| τ00 frame | 0.03 | ||
| τ00 speaker | 0.00 | ||
| N speaker | 10 | ||
| N frame | 12 | ||
| Observations | 1436 | ||
| Marginal R2 / Conditional R2 | 0.186 / NA | ||
7 Session info
## ─ Session info ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## setting value
## version R version 4.0.3 (2020-10-10)
## os macOS Big Sur 10.16
## system x86_64, darwin17.0
## ui X11
## language (EN)
## collate en_US.UTF-8
## ctype en_US.UTF-8
## tz Europe/Berlin
## date 2021-04-07
##
## ─ Packages ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## ! package * version date lib
## P abind 1.4-5 2016-07-21 [?]
## P assertthat 0.2.1 2019-03-21 [?]
## P backports 1.2.1 2020-12-09 [?]
## P bayestestR 0.8.2 2021-01-26 [?]
## P bookdown 0.21 2020-10-13 [?]
## P boot 1.3-27 2021-02-12 [4]
## P broom 0.7.5 2021-02-19 [?]
## P cachem 1.0.4 2021-02-13 [?]
## P callr 3.5.1 2020-10-13 [?]
## P car 3.0-10 2020-09-29 [?]
## P carData * 3.0-4 2020-05-22 [?]
## P cellranger 1.1.0 2016-07-27 [?]
## P cli 2.3.1 2021-02-23 [?]
## P codetools 0.2-18 2020-11-04 [4]
## P colorspace 2.0-0 2020-11-11 [?]
## P crayon 1.4.1 2021-02-08 [?]
## P curl 4.3 2019-12-02 [?]
## P data.table 1.14.0 2021-02-21 [?]
## P DBI 1.1.1 2021-01-15 [?]
## P dbplyr 2.1.0 2021-02-03 [?]
## P desc 1.3.0 2021-03-05 [?]
## P devtools 2.3.2 2020-09-18 [?]
## P digest 0.6.27 2020-10-24 [?]
## P dplyr * 1.0.5 2021-03-05 [?]
## P effects * 4.2-0 2020-08-11 [?]
## P effectsize 0.4.4 2021-03-14 [?]
## P ellipsis 0.3.1 2020-05-15 [?]
## P emmeans * 1.5.5-1 2021-03-21 [?]
## P estimability 1.3 2018-02-11 [?]
## P evaluate 0.14 2019-05-28 [?]
## P fansi 0.4.2 2021-01-15 [?]
## P farver 2.1.0 2021-02-28 [?]
## P fastmap 1.1.0 2021-01-25 [?]
## P forcats * 0.5.1 2021-01-27 [?]
## P foreign 0.8-81 2020-12-22 [4]
## P fs 1.5.0 2020-07-31 [?]
## P generics 0.1.0 2020-10-31 [?]
## P ggeffects 1.0.2 2021-03-17 [?]
## P ggplot2 * 3.3.3 2020-12-30 [?]
## P ggpubr * 0.4.0 2020-06-27 [?]
## P ggrepel * 0.9.1 2021-01-15 [?]
## P ggsignif 0.6.1 2021-02-23 [?]
## P glue 1.4.2 2020-08-27 [?]
## P gtable 0.3.0 2019-03-25 [?]
## P haven 2.3.1 2020-06-01 [?]
## P here 1.0.1 2020-12-13 [?]
## P highr 0.8 2019-03-20 [?]
## P hms 1.0.0 2021-01-13 [?]
## P htmltools 0.5.1.1 2021-01-22 [?]
## P httr 1.4.2 2020-07-20 [?]
## P insight 0.13.1 2021-02-22 [?]
## P jsonlite 1.7.2 2020-12-09 [?]
## P knitr 1.31 2021-01-27 [?]
## P labeling 0.4.2 2020-10-20 [?]
## P lattice 0.20-41 2020-04-02 [4]
## P lifecycle 1.0.0 2021-02-15 [?]
## P lme4 * 1.1-26 2020-12-01 [?]
## P lmerTest * 3.1-3 2020-10-23 [?]
## P lubridate 1.7.10 2021-02-26 [?]
## P magrittr 2.0.1 2020-11-17 [?]
## P MASS 7.3-53.1 2021-02-12 [4]
## P Matrix * 1.3-2 2021-01-06 [4]
## P memoise 2.0.0 2021-01-26 [?]
## P minqa 1.2.4 2014-10-09 [?]
## P mitools 2.4 2019-04-26 [?]
## P modelr 0.1.8 2020-05-19 [?]
## P munsell 0.5.0 2018-06-12 [?]
## P mvtnorm 1.1-1 2020-06-09 [?]
## P nlme 3.1-152 2021-02-04 [4]
## P nloptr 1.2.2.2 2020-07-02 [?]
## P nnet 7.3-15 2021-01-24 [4]
## P numDeriv 2016.8-1.1 2019-06-06 [?]
## P openxlsx 4.2.3 2020-10-27 [?]
## P optimx * 2020-4.2 2020-04-08 [?]
## P parameters 0.12.0 2021-02-21 [?]
## P patchwork * 1.1.1 2020-12-17 [?]
## P pbkrtest 0.5.1 2021-03-09 [?]
## P performance * 0.7.0 2021-02-03 [?]
## P pillar 1.5.1 2021-03-05 [?]
## P pkgbuild 1.2.0 2020-12-15 [?]
## P pkgconfig 2.0.3 2019-09-22 [?]
## P pkgload 1.2.0 2021-02-23 [?]
## P plyr 1.8.6 2020-03-03 [?]
## P prettyunits 1.1.1 2020-01-24 [?]
## P printr * 0.1.1 2021-01-27 [?]
## P processx 3.5.0 2021-03-23 [?]
## P ps 1.6.0 2021-02-28 [?]
## P purrr * 0.3.4 2020-04-17 [?]
## P R6 2.5.0 2020-10-28 [?]
## P raster * 3.4-5 2020-11-14 [?]
## P Rcpp 1.0.6 2021-01-15 [?]
## P readr * 1.4.0 2020-10-05 [?]
## P readxl 1.3.1 2019-03-13 [?]
## P remotes 2.2.0 2020-07-21 [?]
## P reprex 1.0.0 2021-01-27 [?]
## P rio 0.5.26 2021-03-01 [?]
## P rlang 0.4.10 2020-12-30 [?]
## P rmarkdown 2.7 2021-02-19 [?]
## P rmdformats 1.0.1 2021-01-13 [?]
## P rprojroot 2.0.2 2020-11-15 [?]
## P rstatix 0.7.0 2021-02-13 [?]
## P rstudioapi 0.13 2020-11-12 [?]
## P rticulate * 1.6.0 2021-03-18 [?]
## P rvest 1.0.0 2021-03-09 [?]
## P scales 1.1.1 2020-05-11 [?]
## P sessioninfo 1.1.1 2018-11-05 [?]
## P sjlabelled 1.1.7 2020-09-24 [?]
## P sjmisc 2.8.6 2021-01-07 [?]
## P sjPlot * 2.8.7 2021-01-10 [?]
## P sjstats 0.18.1 2021-01-09 [?]
## P sp * 1.4-5 2021-01-10 [?]
## P statmod 1.4.35 2020-10-19 [?]
## P stringi 1.5.3 2020-09-09 [?]
## P stringr * 1.4.0 2019-02-10 [?]
## P survey 4.0 2020-04-03 [?]
## P survival 3.2-10 2021-03-16 [4]
## P testthat 3.0.2 2021-02-14 [?]
## P tibble * 3.1.0 2021-02-25 [?]
## P tidyr * 1.1.3 2021-03-03 [?]
## P tidyselect 1.1.0 2020-05-11 [?]
## P tidyverse * 1.3.0 2019-11-21 [?]
## P usdm * 1.1-18 2017-06-25 [?]
## P usethis 2.0.1 2021-02-10 [?]
## P utf8 1.2.1 2021-03-12 [?]
## P vctrs 0.3.6 2020-12-17 [?]
## P withr 2.4.1 2021-01-26 [?]
## P xfun 0.22 2021-03-11 [?]
## P xml2 1.3.2 2020-04-23 [?]
## P xtable 1.8-4 2019-04-21 [?]
## P yaml 2.2.1 2020-02-01 [?]
## P zip 2.1.1 2020-08-27 [?]
## source
## CRAN (R 4.0.2)
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## Github (stefanocoretta/rticulate@7e8ec81)
## CRAN (R 4.0.3)
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##
## [1] /Users/ste/repos/polish-reduction/renv/library/R-4.0/x86_64-apple-darwin17.0
## [2] /private/var/folders/yj/b5zvw9lj2zg6tp920wyg14y80000gn/T/RtmphaROrW/renv-system-library
## [3] /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.0/Resources/site-library
## [4] /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.0/Resources/library
##
## P ── Loaded and on-disk path mismatch.